The Investment Scientist

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Approaching the fiscal cliff

Since the re-election of President Obama, the S&P 500 index has dropped more than 5%; pundits have attributed that to the imminent “fiscal cliff.”

What is the “fiscal cliff”? It is the simultaneous expiration of tax cuts and mandated across-the-board spending cuts that will take effect on January 1st if no agreement is reached between the President and Congress. The combined amount is $669 billion, or about 4% of GDP.

All the talk has been about what happens if this much money is taken out of the economy, which is undergoing a fragile recovery. Will the economy plunge back into recession?  If we fall off the fiscal cliff, will the survival of our nation be at stake?

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Young doctors need legal advice

When a young physician joins a practice, he will have to sign an employment agreement.

After a few years as an associate physician, he will make partner, or become a shareholder.

At which time, he will sign a buy-sell agreement.

These two agreements to a great extent determine the wealth this physician will accumulate.

If they are not done right, this physician will likely not see any of the wealth he creates.

I am not being an alarmist. Let me tell you about a client of mine….

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Consider an Employee Stock Ownership Plan

[Based on conversation with and material provided by Ben Wells] For the last 20 years, Jack has owned  a custom machining business. He is 55 and would like to diversify his assets, which are all tied up in the business.

Jan runs a manufacturing business. Several of her family members own stock in the company and they would like to sell their stock. However, there is no market for their shares.

James runs a production consulting firm. He needs capital to expand the business and would like to find a way to retain and motivate the firm’s employees.

For Jack, Jan and James, an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) could be the answer.

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house for sale

House for sale

Last week, my wife found another fabulous piece of real estate to invest in. It is a two bedroom/one bath bungalow. It is a 10-minute walk from a metro (subway) station and 15-minute walk from lots of amenities.

It is a short sale; the bank-approved asking price is only $155k.  The land is about 0.3 acres adjacent to a park and is worth more than the entire asking price.

It is a very interesting investment decision for us. Let me list the pros and cons.

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My friend Dan is in the life insurance business. Recently, he shared with me a case in which he helped a client of his (let’s call him John) get $600k out of his term life insurance with life settlement.

In case you don’t know what life settlement is, it’s the sale of an insurance policy by the owner to a third party for a price higher than the policy surrender value.

How does this work?

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Tax planning tips

[Guest Post By Cal Klausner] Charitable contributions should be timed so as to obtain the maximum tax benefits, either in 2012 or 2013. If a taxpayer plans to make a charitable contribution in 2013, he should consider making it this year instead if speeding up the deduction would produce an overall tax saving, e.g., because the taxpayer will be in a higher marginal tax bracket in 2012 than in 2013.

On the other hand, a taxpayer who expects to be in a higher bracket in 2013 should consider deferring a contribution until that year. This task is more difficult than in prior years because of uncertainty over whether rates will rise next year under the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act (EGTRRA) sunset.

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Is this your retirement fund?

A client of mine is about to retire, and she asked me when she should start to receive social security payments.

Complicating her decision is that her husband passed away 10 year ago, and she is currently working for the federal government.

It quickly dawned on me that this is actually a very complicated question, one that this advisor, most of whose clients are doctors and business people in their 40s and 50s, is not well-equipped to answer.

You can imagine my delight when I found out on a flight that the foremost social security expert of the country, Mary Beth Franklin, was sitting right next to me.

She is a former senior editor of Kiplinger. After she retired from the job, she became a contributing editor of InvestmentNews, a magazine for financial advisors.

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There are simple ways to bring more luck to yourself: 1) Smile; 2) Don’t cross legs or arms; 3) Open to chance encounters; 4) Keep up relationships.

Like Odysseus, automatic investments help investors avoid the Siren call of market timing

We call it stupid if someone takes a $55k job, even if he is offered the same job at $100k.

We call it market-timing when the same thing happens in the stock market. The long-term average annual market return is 10%, but the long-term average annual investor return is only about 5.5%. This is documented both by Dalbar’s study titled “Quantitative Analysis of Investor Behavior” and Morningstar’s research on fund returns and investor returns.

How could this possibly happen?

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FSA: It’s all about flexibility

Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs) are benefits offered by some employers. Money put in the accounts is exempted from income tax, payroll tax, and in most cases state and local taxes.

There are generally two types of FSA: health care FSA and dependent care FSA. As the names imply, money in a health (dependent) care FSA can only be used towards eligible health (dependent) care expenses.

Take my wife as an example; she put $2,000 into her health FSA and another $5,000 into her dependent care FSA. Since we are in the highest tax bracket and we live in a high tax state, the total tax saving is close to $3,500, or 50%.

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Last week, the Fed announced another round of quantitative easing (QE3).

This time around, they plan to buy $40 billion worth of mortgage-backed securities with created money until the employment picture improves.  Compared to QE1 and QE2, QE3 is open-ended.

How does this affect your personal finances?

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Commercial property investment

For investors who can’t stomach the volatility of real estate investment trusts (REITs), but also don’t want to get their hands dirty, there is the middle way in real estate investment, namely through a private partnership.

A real estate investment private partnership (REIPP) is a pool of investors’ money that is invested in commercial or residential properties. As an investor, you can contribute capital as a limited partner and let the general partner do all the dirty work. Sounds like the best of both worlds, doesn’t it?

It is emphatically not.

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house for sale

House for sale

My wife and I own a couple of rental properties, so I feel like I am qualified to give my 2 cents worth on another way of investing in real estate – owning rental properties directly.

Now let me be clear: owning rental properties is a business; it is no longer an arm’s-length investment. It is great for some people, people who are hands-on and disciplined, but it could be a disaster for others.

When we posted a notice to rent out our townhouse, the first person to answer was a single mother with three kids. My wife checked her credit – it was bad. When my wife said no to her, she could not hear the pleas of my bleeding heart: Rent it to her! She has three kids to take care of! We’ll waive her rent if she can’t pay!

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Author

Michael Zhuang is principal of MZ Capital, a fee-only independent advisory firm based in Washington, DC.

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